| Title: | Plant-Based Diet Quality, Healthy Lifestyle, and Dementia Risk in Older Adults With Cardiometabolic Diseases |
| Journal: | JACC Advances |
| Published: | 8 Oct 2025 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41067120/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.102229 |
Publication 19248
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs; heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes) are associated with dementia risk, but whether a healthy plant-based diet and other lifestyle behaviors can mitigate this risk is unclear.</p>
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate joint associations of CMDs, plant-based diet quality, and other lifestyle behaviors with dementia risk.</p>
METHODS: Dementia-free UK Biobank participants aged ≥55 years with two or more 24-hour dietary recalls were included (N = 71,648). The plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI) were calculated according to consumption of 17 food groups. Prevalent CMDs and incident dementia were determined from medical records. A healthy lifestyle beyond diet was defined as never smoking, nonheavy alcohol drinking, and high physical activity. Dementia risk was estimated using Cox regression.</p>
RESULTS: A total of 9,656 (13.5%) participants had at least 1 CMD at baseline. After a median of 12.5 years, 825 (1.2%) participants developed dementia. Baseline CMDs were associated with significantly increased risk of dementia (HR: 1.90 [95% CI: 1.53-2.35]). Dementia risk associated with CMDs was reduced among those with high hPDI (HR: 0.39 [95% CI: 0.20-0.74]) and increased for those with high uPDI (HR: 3.24 [95% CI: 1.64-6.40]). The risk of dementia among participants with CMDs and low hPDI was attenuated in the presence of other healthy lifestyle behaviors (HR: 1.47 [95% CI: 0.34-6.36]).</p>
CONCLUSIONS: Dementia incidence among adults with CMDs differed substantially according to plant-based diet quality. Additional healthy lifestyle behaviors were associated with significant mitigation of dementia risk only in the presence of low hPDI.</p>
6 Authors
- Michelle M. Dunk
- Abigail Dove
- Jiao Wang
- Sakura Sakakibara
- Adrián Carballo-Casla
- Weili Xu
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 67048 | THE BODY-MIND CONNECTION: EXPLORING THE BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE EFFECTS OF SOMATIC HEALTH ON BRAIN AGING |
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health