| Title: | Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, sleep characteristics and the risk of incident dementia |
| Journal: | Maturitas |
| Published: | 2 Feb 2026 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41637960/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2026.108864 |
Publication 18390
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations have been associated with the risk of dementia, but the results are inconsistent. Previous studies have reported that vitamin D metabolism is related to sleep characteristics. We investigated the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and the risk of dementia, as well as whether sleep characteristics and sleep patterns modified this association.</p>
STUDY DESIGN: In this prospective population-based cohort study, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were measured. Sleep characteristics, including sleep duration, chronotype, sleeplessness, snoring, and daytime sleepiness, were integrated to generate an overall sleep pattern. We used a multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model to evaluate the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with the risk of incident dementia.</p>
RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 13.7 years, there were 7030 cases of all-cause dementia, including 3089 of Alzheimer's disease and 1539 of vascular dementia in the cohort of 366,160 participants. Higher concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were associated with a lower risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. We found a statistically significant interaction of modest magnitude between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and sleep patterns with the risk of vascular dementia (P interaction = 0.04). Among the sleep characteristics, an interaction was found between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and daytime sleepiness in their effect on the risk of vascular dementia (P interaction = 0.03). The protective hazard ratios for vascular dementia were more pronounced in individuals with low daytime sleepiness than in those with high daytime sleepiness.</p>
CONCLUSIONS: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were inversely associated with the risks of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Sleep characteristics, particularly daytime sleepiness, may modify the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and the risk of vascular dementia.</p>
16 Keywords
- Aged
- Alzheimer Disease
- Cohort Studies
- Dementia
- Dementia, Vascular
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Incidence
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Prospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Sleep
- Vitamin D
8 Authors
- Jiao-Jiao Ren
- Zhi-Hao Li
- Wen-Fang Zhong
- Jian Gao
- Pei-Liang Chen
- Xiao-Meng Wang
- Fang-Fei You
- Chen Mao
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 43795 | Explore the associations between different exposures and health outcomes. |
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