| Title: | Sex-specific links between dietary fat intake, dementia risk, and cognitive decline in central obesity: a UK biobank cohort study |
| Journal: | European Journal of Nutrition |
| Published: | 31 Mar 2026 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41915182/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-026-03957-1 |
Publication 18149
WARNING: the interactive features of this website use CSS3, which your browser does not support. To use the full features of this website, please update your browser.
Abstract
PurposeTo clarify the unclear association of dietary fat intake with dementia and cognitive impairment in individuals with central obesity, this study explored links of proportion of energy from dietary fat (PEFDF) to dementia risk and cognitive decline.MethodsA total of 128,160 participants from the UK Biobank were included in this study. Cox regression, logistics regression and univariate linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between PEFDF and the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment.ResultsAmong women, PEFDF showed a potential nonlinear association with all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease incidence, whereas no significant association was observed in men. Notably, obese women with a moderately high percentage of energy from fat (MHF) had the lowest risk of all-cause dementia (HR, 0.746; 95% CI, 0.590-0.943) and Alzheimer's disease incidence (HR, 0.606; 95% CI, 0.419-0.876). Furthermore, MHF was associated with higher fluid intelligence test (FIT) scores (β, 0.213; 95% CI, 0.185-0.241), numerical memory test (NMT) scores (β, 0.091; 95% CI, 0.062-0.119), and prospective memory test (PMT) scores (OR, 1.187; 95% CI, 1.145-1.231) in women; and MHF was significantly associated with higher FIT (β, 0.198; 95% CI, 0.169-0.228) scores and PMT scores (OR, 1.114; 95% CI, 1.073-1.156) in man.ConclusionsOur findings showed that MHF is positively associated with neurocognitive function in central obesity, especially in women. These results underscore the potential of scientifically effective dietary intervention in mitigating risk of dementias such as Alzheimer's disease.</p>
19 Keywords
- Aged
- Alzheimer Disease
- Biological Specimen Banks
- Cognitive Dysfunction
- Cohort Studies
- Dementia
- Diet
- Dietary Fats
- Female
- Humans
- Incidence
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Obesity, Abdominal
- Prospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Sex Factors
- UK Biobank
- United Kingdom
11 Authors
- Jiaxu Xu
- Luyao Chen
- Zhuo Chen
- Yuhua Song
- Zhihui Fu
- Xinyue Ao
- Xinyi Sun
- Yunyan Chen
- Wei Wei
- Changhao Sun
- Zhen Tian
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 103547 | The health impacts of lifestyle and environmental factors exposed at different life stages on aging and non-communicable chronic diseases |
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health