| Title: | Reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use and risk of migraine among women: Results from UK Biobank |
| Journal: | European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology |
| Published: | 13 Dec 2025 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41411817/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2025.114892 |
Publication 17143
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Abstract
AIMS: The association between female reproductive factors and migraine risk remains inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the association between reproductive factors and migraine.</p>
METHODS: This study included 268,440 female participants enrolled in the UK Biobank from 2006 to 2010. Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline were used for association analyses.</p>
RESULTS: With a median of 13.67 years follow-up, a total of 4,394 cases of migraine were documented. The adjusted HR (95 % CI) for menarche > 14 years was 1.16(1.04,1.28) compared with 12 to 14 years; 1.48(1.32,1.66) for menopause < 45 years compared with 45 to 55 years; 1.32 (1.18,1.48) for reproductive life expectancy < 33 years compared with 33 to 40 years; 1.60(1.43,1.79) for hysterectomy; 1.52(1.37,1.69) for oophorectomy; 1.31(1.19,1.45) for pregnant; 1.66(1.47,1.86) for first live birth < 22 years compared with > 27 years; 1.31(1.17,1.47) for last live birth < 27 years compared with > 33 years; 1.16(1.03,1.30), 1.16(1.06,1.27), and 1.17(1.05,1.29) for 1, 2, and 3 or more children compared with no children; 1.18(1.10,1.28) for miscarriages; 1.13(1.04,1.24) for abortions; 1.62(1.51,1.74) for using HRT. Age at menarche, age at first or last live birth, age started oral contraceptive pills, age started HRT, and HRT duration were nonlinearly associated with migraine risk (P < 0.001).</p>
DISCUSSION: Female reproductive factors, including gynecologic surgery, early first birth, and using HRT, were associated with incident migraine. The findings emphasize the need to incorporate reproductive history into clinical profiles and provide an evidence base for personalized prevention strategies in women.</p>
9 Authors
- Nana Wang
- Yongli Yang
- Xiaocan Jia
- Yuping Wang
- Chaojun Yang
- Jingwen Fan
- Chenyu Zhao
- Yacong Bo
- Xuezhong Shi
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 93398 | Investigating the risk factors of non-communicable chronic disease using biomarkers, lifestyle factors, and environmental factors |
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health